Page 23 - Hướng Dẫn Thi THPT Quốc Gia Môn Văn

2. He thong cau hoi on luyen doc hieu
De danh gii diing nang lire doc hieu van ban cua hoc sinh, can xay dung he thong
cau hoi lien quan den nhung van ban mdi nhung c6 ciing de tai, chu de hoac the loai voi
cic van ban hoc sinh da hoc trong chuong trinh, sdch giao khoa.
Cac cau hoi, bai tap ddnh gia ki nang doc hieu va cam thu nen dugc thiet ke theo
c^ch lam cua PISA, bao gom: cau hoi, bai tap ma yeu cku tra loi ngSn; cau hoi, bai tap
ma yeu cau tra loi dai; cau hoi, bai tap dong yeu cau tra loi dua tren nhiing tra loi c6 sin;
cau hoi trac nghiem khach quan nhilu lira chon; cau hoi cd - khong, dung - sai phuc hofp.
Truoc mat, theo yeu cau ciia Bo Giao due va Dao tao, dS thi mon Ngu van chi su dung
cau hoi, bai tap tu luan. Song, trong qua trinh on luyen, nen su dung them c^c cau hoi trac
nghiem de ren luyen nang luc doc hieu cho hoc sinh.
Noi dung cdc cau hoi, bki tap doc hieu van ban tap trung v^o cdc van de sau day:
- Noi dung ciia van ban: de tai, chu de, y chinh ciia van ban/doan/cau,...
- Hinh thiic cua van ban: the loai, bo cue, phuang thuc bieu dat, phong each ngon
ngij, cac bien phdp tu tir, chi tiet, hinh anh, sir kien, thong tin...
Cac cau hoi, bai tap doc hieu van ban dugc chia 1 ^ ba mire do: nhqn biet, thong
hieu, van dung vai nhung dinh huang co ban sau day:
* Nhan biet:
- Nhan biet de tM, the loai, phuang thuc bieu dat, phong c^ch ngon ngix, cAc bien
ph^p tu tir, chi tiet, hinh anh, sir kien, thong tin...
- Nhan biet cdc thong tin dugc the hien, phan 5nh true tiep trong van ban.
- Dien dat hoac mo ta lai noi dung ciia van ban bang ngon ngii cua minh.
* Thong hieu:
- Neu chii de hoac noi dung chinh cua van ban.
- Sap xep, phan loai dugc thong tin trong van ban.
- Ket noi, doi chieu, i giai moi quan he ciia cac thong tin de i giai noi dung ciia
l
l
van ban. . ii.K.v-
l
- Cat nghia, i giai noi dung, y nghia cua cdc bien phap tu tir, chi tiet, su kien, thong
tin... CO trong van ban.
- Dira vao noi dung van ban de i giai hoac giai quyet c^c tinh hu6ng/v2n de tuang tir
l
tinh huong/van de trong van ban.
* Van dung:
- Danh gia noi dung va hinh thuc cua van ban (bay to y kiSn, quan di^m, thai do ciia
ban than tren ca sa ket noi giiia noi dung, y nghia cua van ban vod thuc tien cuoc s6ng,
voi nhung quan niem, hieu biet ve the gioi xung quanh).
- Van dung y nghia hoac bai hoc rut ra tir van ban dk giai quySt nhung vSn de ciia
thuc tien (hoc tap va dai song), the hien dugc trai nghiem cua ban than.