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the name Intelligence Quotient IQ tests, were designed (2) _____ make it
easier to put disruptive schoolchildren into a class that suited their abilities.
At the time, Binet warned users of the tests (3) _____ to look at the test
results in isolation, but to consider (4 )_____along with other assessments of
intelligence.
However, IQ tests are so easy to administer that, in (5 )_____ of Binet’s
warnings, they were soon being used (6) over the world as the only
method of measuring brainpower. In some countries, they have also (7)
______ used to support the testers’ prejudices about race, social class or
educational abilities. (8) _____ several years in Britain, school pupils (9)
_____failed tests of this type were not allovved to attend normal secondary
schools because it was believed that (10) _____ low IQ scores showed they
would never be capable (11) performing well academically.
Now, a century (1 2 )____ their invention, IQ tests are controversial, but
psychologists say they (13) __ ____ still be useful in some speciíĩc situations.
For example, they are helpíul (14) _deciding whether a disruptive pupil
has emotional or intellectual problems. That, of (15) _____ , was Binet’s
intention all along.

7. IQ TESTS

Psychologists have long been interested in (1) ______ we judge
intelligence in strangers. Now scientists have designed tests (2 )______ try to
discover which cues help people to judge IQ accurately, and which cause
them to get (3 )______ wrong. High school pupils were videotaped answering
thought-provoking questions and the videos were (4 )______ shown to groups
of judges’ who were asked to assess the students’ physical type and monitor a
variety of behavioural cues. Next the judges were asked to rate the students’
intelligence. At the (5 )______time, each student was (6 )_______required to
sit a Standard IQ test.
Certain cues matched the (7) ______ of the IQ tests more closely than
others. (8 )______ speaking quickly, using a lot of words or displaying ease (9)
______ understanding caused the judges to rate the students’ intelligence
highly, (1 0 )______ was reAected in the IQ tests, (1 1 )_______cues seemed to
give the judges an entirely false impression of intelligence (12) measured hy
the IQ test. (13) ______ the cues that led judges to assess students as dull
were íactors (14) ______ as using halting speech or slang. Cues that led
judges to view students as bright included talking loudly and using proper
English. (15)______ of these traits correlated with measured IQ, hovvever.

8. BAZAARS

A bazaar was originally a public market district of a Persian town. From
Persia the term spread to Arabia, Turkey, and North Aírica. In India it came

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