Page 324 - Hướng Dẫn Viết Đúng Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh

Madame Tussaud’s famous wax museum placcd a wax
figure of Mickey alongside its statues of other famous
film stars. In 1933, according to Disney Studios, Mickcy
received 800,000 fan letters— an average of more than
2,000 letters a day. This was the same number of let­
ters sent to the top human stars of the day such as Dou­
glas Fairbanks, Senior. To date, no “star” has ever re­
ceived as much fan mail as Mickey Mouse. (Laurie
Rozakis)
While there are currently no societies where we can
observe creolization occurring with a spoken language,
we can observe the creolization of sign languages for
the deaf. Since 1979, in Nicaragua, children at schools
for the deaf have essentially formed a pidgin. None of
them had a real signing system, so they pooled their
collections of makeshift gestures into w hat is now called
the Lenguaje de Signos Nicaragense (LSN). Like any
spoken pidgin, LSN is a collection of jargon that has no
consistent grammar, and everyone who uses it uses it
differently. When younger children joined the school,
after LSN existed, they creolized it into what is called
Idioma de Signos Nicaragense (ISN). While LSN in­
volves a lot of pantomime, ISN is much more stylized,
fluid and compact. And children who use ISN all use it
the same way— the children had created a standard­
ized language without need for textbooks or grammar
classes. Many grammatical devices, such as tenses and
complex sentence structures, that didn't exist in LSN,
were introduced by the children into ISN. (Charles
Rozakis)